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1. rather than意为“是……而不是……;与其……不如……”, 连接的并列成分
注意：1) rather than 后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to, 。但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。
I decided to walk rather than (to) ride a bike. Rather than ride a bike, I decided to walk.
2) rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致. You rather than I are going to go camping.
3) 表达“宁愿…而不愿…”有如下结构
would rather do… than do…
= would do… rather than do …
= prefer to do…rather than do
2. surround vt. 包围，环绕，围绕
surround sb/sth with sb/sth sth/sb be surrounded by/with sth
surrounding : adj 周围的,附近的,环绕的, 常做定语
surroundings : n 周围的事物,环境气氛,
3. go through 穿过，通过
1) 经历(困难，困苦等)
2)翻找，查看，搜寻 Mother went through the pocket for the key.
3) 通过，成功，成交 The plan didn’t go through.
4. settle down
1) 安稳坐下，舒适地坐或躺下
He settled( himself) down in his chair to read the newspaper.
2) 过安定的生活，定居
After years of traveling, he decided to settle down here.
3) 安下心来，专心致志于
settle down to… “使某人安下心来做……”，在此短语中，to 是介词。
Then they settled (themselves) down to work.
4) (使)平静下来，(使)安静下来
This beautiful girl was very anxious just now, but I succeeded in settling her down.
5. have a gift for.. 在......方面有天分/天赋
gift 特指与生俱来的天份或才能，如绘画、音乐等。
6. thousands of 成千上万的
类似的用法还有 ：
hundreds of 数以百计的 scores of 许多 dozens of 许多，大量
millions of 上百万的 tens of thousands of 数以万计的
7. within与in表达时间的区别:
within指在时间范围之内，不超过;而in 是经过若干时间，指期限之外。
I’ll be there within an hour. (一小时之内)
I’ll be there in an hour.(一小时之后)
within limits 在…限度内 within reach (of) 能得到，在附近
8. catch sight of sb./sth. 看见,瞥见
? I caught sight of her out of the corner of my eye.
? at first sight 乍一看
? in/within sight 看得见,在视线内
? out of sight 看不见,在视线外
? lose sight of 看不见....;忘记考虑...
? at the sight of 看见---
9. confirm:
1)证实,证明,批准,确认
The new evidence confirms my opinion that they’re lying.
The queen confirmed the treaty(条约)
2)坚定，使强化
confirm sb in sb’s belief / opinion / view
使某人更加确定某人的信念/ 意见 /观点
His support confirmed my determination to go abroad.
The latest developments confirmed me in my belief.
It has been confirmed that … 已确定，已证实
10. impress :vt 给某人留下印象，使铭记/深感
impression ：n 印象, 感想,感觉
impress sb with sth = impress sth on / upon sb：
使某人铭记某事/使某人意识到 某事
make / leave /give a ...impression on sb 给某人留下...印象
What’s your impression of ...?
你对...的印象如何?
11. not until …在句首, 主句用部分倒装。
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.
用于强调句It is not until… that…
It was not until I told him that he knew about it.
12. wide 和 broad 都是“广阔”的意思,常可换用,但说 wide 时,着重于一边到另一边的距离,而说 broad 时着重于幅面的宽广,可修饰背、肩、胸,心胸等的宽阔,还有“开朗”之意。
这两个词的常用搭配如下：
wide eyes睁大的眼睛
a wide mouth一张大嘴
the wide world广阔的世界
wide interests广泛的兴趣
the broad ocean无际的海洋
broad shoulders宽宽的肩膀
the broad masses广大群众
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