人教版高一英语上学期期末复习知识要点

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Module 1  Unit 1  Friendship

1.add up (把两个或以上的数或量)加起来   add up to 共计(指加起来总和是)

add … to 把…… 加到……中            add to=increase  增加，增添

2. without + n./ v-ing   There is no smoke without fire.

He went out without speaking      He slipped into the room without being notice.

by + doing 借助于， 靠

3. upset  adj.心烦意乱，不舒服的，不适的 disturbed /sick

vt.vi  使不安，使心烦，打乱，打翻     (upset-upset- upsetting)

nervous (rather afraid) :在事情发展过程中有一种害怕的感觉   à 紧张

anxious(worried): 由于害怕某种事情会发生而感到焦急

upset(rather unhappy):由于某事的发生而感到心烦意乱

4. ignore vt. 不理睬，忽视，对……装作不知+sb/sth

5. calm down  vt. Vi. 平静下来，使平静

6. concern   vt 涉及n. 关心，关注，(利害)关系

be concerned about/for 关心，挂念

7. reason  理由,动机(explain why it happens or what causes it happen)决定做某事或

采取某一行动的理由，由此而得出结论或解释, 具有主观性。(conclusion)  + for

cause 原因 (引起某事的后果或起因,usually a bad event ) 具有客观性 (effect ) + of

8. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.

=While you were walking the dog……

当When, while, before, after, once, if, unless, even if等引导的状语从句的主语与句子的主语一致时，可将从句的主语和be动词省去.

While living in England, he picked up some English.

While asked about her family, she began to cry.

9. share  vt.分享，分担   share…in sth (with sb.) share (in) sth among / between sb.

10.…, like your deepest feelings (feeling) and thoughts.   like= such as

a feeling of…          have a feeling that… .

show much feeling for…(对…的感情，同情，体谅 u.n.)

11.go through  vt. ①experience ,经历，遭受         ②look at carefully,

③finish sth. or complete sth., use up  ④ 穿过，通过

12. hide  ( hides -- hiding --- hid --- hidden)

hide away + 地点状语   hide away  + 宾语    躲藏，隐藏

hide +宾语 + away

13. set down= write down = put down

14. a series of =  a set of一连串的，一系列，一套

Two series of new stamps have come out.

15. crazy   adj.       be/grow crazy about/of sth.

be crazy to do sth.

16. stay awake   (remain / keep)

17. on purpose 故意

for (the) purpose of  为的是; 为了....起见; 为了...的目的

with the purpose of   以(有)......的目的.

18. in order to + do 为了…起见;以便          in order that + 从句

In order to catch the early bus, she got up early.

She got up early so as to/ in order to catch the early bus.

in order not to   so as not to

19. dare  情态mod.v   dare do(多用于否定句，疑问句，条件状语从句)

dared do (过去时)

dare not do = daren’t do

eg.  I daren’t speak to him.    No one dared ask him.

实义vt.    dare(s) (to) do

don’t/ doesn’t/ didn’t dare( to) do

eg.  he will dare any danger.  He didn’t dare( to )go.

20. happen to do sth.   碰巧做…..

21.It is /was the first time(second time…) that … have/had done(时态用完成时)

某人第几次干某事

22. face to face   adv.       face-to-face   adj.

23. put away把…关起来，收拾，把…放在一边

24. according to + n./代词

25. outdoors --- indoors  adv. n.       outdoor---- indoor  adj.

26. get along (well) with sb. = get on with 与…相处，进展

27. fall in love with (表示动作)

be in love with (表示状态)

28. have got to = have to

29. habit   习惯  have / be in the habit of  有…..的习惯

get into / form the habit of  养成…..的习惯

30. Your friend can’t go until he/she finishes claening the bicycle.

a…..not….until….

b. It is not until he/she finishes claening the bicycle that your friend can go.

c. Not until he/she finishes claening the bicycle can your friend go.

31.There is /was a time when….. 有段时间怎么了….

Module 1  Unit 2  English around the world

1. more than

①more than +数词= over  …. 以上, 超过，多于， ….有余

By then he was more than fifty years old.

②more than + 名词    不只，不仅仅，超过，远不止 (not only)

Helen and Mary are more than classmates. They are close friends.

③more than + 动词    十分， 大大地， 远远地，极大地   (much)

He more than smiled; he laughed outright.

What he did more than satisfied me.

④more than + adj./adv.     非常，十分， 更加， 深为 (very)

I’m more than happy to hear that.       He is more than selfish.

When I asked them for help, they were more than glad to come.

⑤more than one 名词单数，后面的谓语动词用单数    “不止一个，不只一个”

More than one person has known it.

no more than 只是,仅仅，只不过    not more than 至多，最多，不超过

2. in (some important )…way(s) / by…means        在……方面

3.one another = each other    彼此，相互之间

4. include      including sth.     sth included           contain

1)用作及物动词，意为“ 包括;包含”，不能用于进行时态。

2)include 还可作“ 包含于…里面;算入”讲，常与in, on, among 介词等连用。

5.play a role / part ( in )   意为“ 在……中担任角色;在……中起作用”。

take (on) /perform a role  扮演角色    a leading/starting role 主角

6. Because of +sth. / v-ing / what ( n. clause)

Because + 句子

7. nearly 与 almost

(1)两者通用的场合。a.在肯定句中。   b.修饰all, every, always 等时。

c.在行为动词的否定式前时。

(2)只用 almost  的场合。

a.和any, no, none, nothing, nobody, nowhere, never 等连用时。

b.和too, more than 等连用时。 c.和表示感觉或心理活动的静态动词连用时。

(3)只用nearly的场合。 a.被 very, not, pretty等修饰时。

b.和具体数字连用时(nearly常用)。

8. than ever before  比以往任何时候更……

在比较级结构中，副词 ever 与比较级和最高级连用，用来加强语气.

ever在不同句型中的意义：  1)曾经;以前(用于疑问句)

2)无论什么时候都(不)(用语否定句)     3)曾经(用于if 从句)

4)到底;究竟(用于特殊疑问句)          5)永远;老是(用于肯定句)

9. for example 同类的“一个”，用逗号隔开，可置于句首，句中和句末

such as     只能举其中一部分，不能全部举出。

10. come up 上来, 走近; 被提出; 发芽; 升起

11.(1) even if ( = even though ): in spite of the fact; no matter whether 即使;尽管

是连词词组，用来引导让步状语从句;若主、从句皆表示将来情况，从句中可用一般现在时代替将来时。

(2) even if 从句所说的不那么肯定。      even though 从句是事实。

12. So why has English changed over time?  over= throughout / during

13. actually = in fact = as a matter of fact      事实上，实际上

14. base on/upon…    以…为基础    be based on

15. close  v./adj./ close (adv)位置上接近      closely (adv) 抽象关系上的密切

close to 相近, 靠近, 几乎   be close to 表状态    get close to表动作

16. in the 1600’s= in the 1600s

17. make (good/full/no/the most/ the best…) use of使用

18. a number of  +可数名词复数        大量的(其后谓语动词用复数)

the number of +可数名词复数       …的数目(其后谓语动词用单数)

The number of the students adds up to 2000 in our school.

只能修饰可数名词的：a large/ great/ good number of,

a good/ great many, dozens of, scores of, quite a few

只能修饰不可数名词的：a great deal of, a large amount of,

quite a little, a large sum of

既可修饰可数，不可数名词的：plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a large quantity of

19. Only time will tell. 时间会证明一切     tell  知道, 判断

tell A from B: 区分，分别

20.Believe it or not.

21. However, even on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way (that/ in which) people speak.

22. recognize = to know and remember sb/sth. one has seen before. 认出。

从外表上辨认出，指一时性的动作

know表示知道有这个人并认识他，在一定程度上对他有了解，指长久性的动作

I know him, but when I saw him last night, I could hardly recognize him.

Module 1  Unit 3  Travel journal

1. When are you leaving?    Where are you staying?

用进行时表将来的动词: go , come, leave, start, begin, return, stay, play, fly, drive,

sleep, reach, walking, ride, move…

2. dream about = dream of sth /doing sth.     dreamed/ dreamt

dream that…       realize one’s dream      our dream come true

have a dream= dream a dream

3. It was my sister who first had the ides to…..强调句：

It was/is+强调成分+that-/who-分句

① It + be (not) + 强调部分+ that /who + 句子剩余部分

② Be + it + 强调部分+ that /who + 句子剩余部分?

Was it at the end of 2001 that China joined WTO?

③ 特殊疑问词+ be + it +that /who + 句子剩余部分?

When was it that China joined WTO?

4. .persuade    vt.说服; 劝服; vi.被说服

persuade + sb.

sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事

sb. that clause

sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into doing sth.

sb. out of doing sth. = persuade sb. not to do sth

try to persuade sb to do sth. = advise sb to do sth.  说服未成功

5.although, though引导让步状语从句不能再和but, and, however连用, 但可以和副词yet, still连用。although从句多放在句首, though从句可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且though可以作副词用于句末，作 “但是，不过”讲，而although无此用法。

6. insist :    坚持认为，坚持主张

1) insist on / upon one’s doing sth 坚持做,坚决做

2) insist that +从句坚持说/认为(后表示一个事实), 后接的从句用陈述语气, 既按需要选择时态。

3) insist that sb. (should) do sth.坚决主张做某事, 后接的宾语从句常用虚拟语气

7.properly (adv.)     proper   (adj.)

finally (adv.)      final     ( adj)

8. care about :  be worried about 忧虑,关心

care for sb/sth : look after, love or like希望, 喜欢, 照顾

9. determine  v. 决定, 下定决心, 确定    determined adj. 坚决的, 有决心的

1) determine to do sth.(动作)       2) determine +从句

3) determine +疑问词+ to do          4) be determined to do sth. 决心做(状态)

He was determined to do it for a long time.

10.change one’s mind   改变某人的主意

make up one’s mind   下定决心       keep…in mind   记住

11.at an altitude of = at a height of  在海拔……米处   attitude

at 后接年龄, 速度, 长宽深高, 价格, 费用等    “在……处/时, 以……”

at the age of     at a high / low price    at a depth/width of

at the speed of   at the cost of          at a distance of

12….the air was would hard to breath….

主语 + be + adj.+ to do sth.  即不定式用主动形式表达被动含义

这类形容词有surprised, moved, disappointed, pleased, happy, sad, delighted, sorry, interested, glad, worried, etc.

13. give in (to sb./sth.) 屈服于, 让步, 递交   give up   放弃, 认输

give out  筋疲力尽;分配              give away  捐赠, 泄露

14. across / through /over

across表示从一定范围的一边到另一边或事物交叉位置,“横穿, 横跨”表面,含

义与on 有关

through 表达两边穿过或穿过空间内部, 含义与in 有关

over表示 “越过” 是指越过较高的物体从一侧到另一侧

The new railway winds its way to Tibet, over mountains through tunnels and across rivers.

15. as usual

16. encourage sb. to do sth.   encourage sb in doing sth.  encouraged/ encouraging

17. To climb the mountain road was hard work but to go down the hill was great fun. fun   fun  [U n. ]  玩笑, 乐事, 有趣的事

have fun=enjoy oneself    It is much/great fun to do…   做……很有趣

18.change   v.“换衣, 更换”      change n “零钱”

get changed 换好衣服        change A for B 用A换B

19.make camp       扎营, 宿营     go camping   去露营, 去野营

① make +n.+ n.     使……            ② make +n.+ adj.   使……

③ make +n.+ do sth.  使某人做某事    * 被动式  be made to do sth

④ make +n.+过去分词

20.put up  ① 举起, 抬起 = raise         ② 挂起, 张贴

③ 建造, 搭起 = build         ④ 住宿, 留宿

put away   把……收起来, 存放        put back   放回原处

put down 放下, 写下, 镇压            put forward   提出

put off    推迟, 拖延                 put out    扑灭, 伸出

put one’s heart to 全神贯注于           put an end to  使结束

21. so far

22. We can hardly wait to see them!

23. for one thing,……for another,…….首先…，其次…

on the one hand,….. on the other hand…..

24. different  adj.   difference  n.      differently  adv.      differ  v.

the difference between A and B

A be different from B.

25. be familiar to sb. (主语是物)       熟悉

be familiar with sth. (主语是人)

Module 1   Unit 4  Earthquakes

1.      It is always calm before a strom.

2. right away =at once; in no time; immediately   right now : at this very moment

3. rise  [raiz] vi. 升起, 起身, 增长, 上升,   rose-risen

raise [reiz] vt.升起, 唤起, 提高, 使出现, 饲养, 筹集, 使复活 raised-raised

arise [ ‘raiz] vi.  出现, 发生, 起因于     arose--arisen

4. burst : to come open or fly apart suddenly

burst into  + n.           burst out + doing

burst into tears/ laughter    burst out crying / laughing

5. at an end       be at an end

at the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意;

by the end of 用于表示时间的场合到……结束的时候，用于过去完成时态;

in the end 意思“最后、终于”。

6. cut across 横穿，跨越            cut in   v.插嘴, 插入,

cut off  v.切断, 断绝, 剥夺继承权    cut down. v.砍倒, 胜过, 削减, 删节

cut up  v.切碎, 抨击, 歼灭, 使丧气   cut out  v.切掉, 裁剪出, 取代, 停止

7. lay in ruins    lie—lied —lied —lying 说谎

lie—lay —lain —lying  躺, 平放, 展现(开),位于

lay—laid—laid —laying vt. 放置, 铺设, 布置 vi.下蛋, 打赌

ruin /destroy /damage/ injure

damage指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。N.&V 用作名词时常与to something 连用。

destroy 只能用作v.,指彻底破坏,以致不可能修复,常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解,也

可以指希望、计划等打破。