高一英语人教版下册第二单元现在完成时的被动语态语法讲解

2019年4月17日英语知识点 517

现在完成时被动语态结构常用于两种情况，以下是现在完成时的被动语态语法讲解，请大家认真学习。

【例句展示】

1. Over time I have been changed a lot.

2. Tom’s novel has not been published.

3. I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.

4. — Have the cars been repaired?

— No, they haven’t.

5. How long has her work been done?

6. My computer has just been attacked by an unknown virus.

7. We’ll start as soon as the work has been finished.

【归纳总结】

现在完成时的被动语态主要用法：

1. 表示被动的动作发生在说话之前，强调对现在造成的影响和结果。如例2、4、6。

2. 表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能将持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long ...? 如例1、3、5。

3. 用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作。如例7。

4. 现在完成时被动语态的四种基本句型

肯定句： have / has + been + done。如例1、6、7。

否定句： have / has + not + been + done。如例2。

一般疑问句： have / has +主语+ been + done? 如例4。

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + have / has + been + done? 如例5。

【特别注意】

1. 副词的位置。

often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have / has和been中间。

[误] Such a man has been hardly believed.

[正] Such a man has hardly been believed.

2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态。

happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如：

[误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.

[正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.

open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。如：

[误] The door has been opened of itself.

[正] The door has opened of itself.

3. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。如：

[误] The H1N1 flu patients have been taken good care .

[正] The H1N1 flu patients have been taken good care of.

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