英语属于印欧语系中日耳曼语族下的西日耳曼语支，并通过英国的殖民活动传播到世界各地。yingyuzhoubaodaan.com为大家推荐了高一英语下册第四单元词汇短语，请大家仔细阅读，希望你喜欢。
1.respond vi.回答，答复;响应，作出反应
response n. 回答，回复;反应
respond to sb./sth.回答(比 answer, reply to正式)
respond to sb./sth. (with/ by sth.) 用……回应某人(事)
respond to (疾病、身体的受伤部分)对医药有良好反应
response to sb./sth. (对人/物)的回答/回复/反应
in response to 作为对……的反应
[即学即练1](1)They still haven't ____________ my letter.
他们至今仍没有回我的信。
(2)He ____________ my suggestion ________ a laugh/______ laughing. 他对我的建议报以一笑。
(3)His illness didn't ____________ treatment by drugs.
他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。
(4)My mother opened the door ____________________ the knock, but there was no one outside.
听到敲门声后，我妈妈打开了门，但外面一个人都没有。
responded to
responded to
with
by
respond to
in response to
2.certain adj. 确定的;无疑的;某(种)
(1)作“某(种)”讲时，同义于 some。但 some 前不加冠词。
for a certain reason=for some reason 由于某种原因
certain professors=some professors 某些教授
a certain amount of time 相当一段时间
(2)作“确信的，有把握的”讲时，同义于 sure。但是 certain 的主语既可以是人，也可用于It is certain that...句型，而 sure 主语只能是人。
“be certain/sure+从句”(人)有把握/确信……(表示主
语的信念)
be certain/sure of/about sth. (人)确信(表示主语的信念)
be certain/sure to do sth. 必定/肯定会做某事(主语常
为二、三人称，表示说话人的信念)
“make certain/sure+从句”弄清楚/确保……
make certain/sure of/about sth. 把某件事情弄清楚
for certain/sure 确定地，确切地(做状语)
It is certain that... 一定会……(不能用 sure)
[即学即练2](1)There was _________________ in his manner.他的态度有点冷淡。
(2)Are you ____________________ it?你对此有把握吗?
(3)He is __________________ his duty.
他肯定会尽职。
(4)_________________ he has wronged me.
我确信他冤枉了我。
(5)_________________ their team will win the match.
他们队肯定会赢得比赛。
a certain coldness
certain about/of
certain to do
I’m certain that
It’s certain that
3.contain vt. 包含;容纳(=hold);抑制(=control)
[即学即练3](1)His paper ___________ no mistakes at all.
他的试卷没有一点错误。
(2)Orange juice ____________ things which help keep you healthy.
橘汁里含有有益于健康的东西。
(3)This bottle ___________ two glasses of beer.
这个瓶子可容纳两杯啤酒。
(4)He couldn't ____________ for joy.他不胜欢喜。
contained
contains
contains
contain himself
4.affect vt.影响;感动;(疾病)侵袭
be greatly/deeply affected 很/深受感动
be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉
be affected with high fever 发高烧
[即学即练4](1)The amount of rain ______ the growth of crops.降雨量直接影响庄稼生长。
(2)One of her lungs ____________ a little so that she has to rest.她的一叶肺有些感染，所以她不得不休息。
(3)The audience ____________________ by his speech.
听众被他的演讲深深打动了。
affects
is affected
were deeply affected
5.appreciate vt. 欣赏;感激;喜欢
appreciation n. 欣赏;感激
appreciate sth. (thank sb.) 感激某事或某人
appreciatedoing sth.感激做某事
one/one's doing sth.感激某人做某事
I would appreciate it if... 如果……，我将不胜感激。
[即学即练5](1)He highly __________________________.
他非常感谢他的帮助。
(2)We shall ___________________________ you again.
我们将很高兴再次收到您的来信。
(3)I really ____________________________ to the party.
你能来参加这次聚会我太高兴了。
(4)I would ______________________ you could help me.
如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。
appreciated his help
appreciate hearing from
appreciate your coming
appreciate it if
6.succeed v.成功
success n. [U]成功;成就 [C]成功的人或事
successful adj. 成功的
successfully adv. 成功地
succeed in doing sth.
have success in doing sth.
be successful in doing sth.成功做某事
achieve great success 取得巨大的成功
sb./sth. is a success 成功的人或事
[即学即练6](1)We all _____________________ the mid-term examination.我们都成功地通过了期中考试。
(2)Failure is the mother of __________.失败是成功之母。
(3)He was _________________________ as a novelist.
他是非常成功的小说家。
succeeded in passing
success
a success
7.harm vt. & n.损害;危害
harmful adj.有害的
be harmful to=do harm to
do sb. harm=do harm to sb.对……有害
There is no harm in doing sth.
=It does no harm (for sb.)to do sth.
做某事是个好主意(或没有坏处)。
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