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1. 阅读理解
Retired jet engines could help clear the
smog that smothered big cities.
To land at Indira Gandhi Airport is to
descend from clear skies to brown ones. New Delhi's air is poisonous. According
to the World Health Organization, India's capital has the most polluted
atmosphere of all the world's big cities. The government is trying to introduce
rules that will curb emissions-allowing private cars to be driven only on
alternate days, for example, and enforcing better emissions standards for all
vehicles.
But implementing these ideas, even if that
can be done successfully, will change things only slowly. A quick fix would
help. And Moshe Alamaro, a researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, thinks he has one. His idea is to take a jet engine, put it next to
one of India's dirty coal-fired power plants, point its exhaust nozzle at the
sky and then switch it on. His hope is that the jet's exhaust will disrupt a
meteorological phenomenon known as "inversion", in which a layer of
warm air settles over cooler air, trapping it, and that the rising stream of
exhaust will carry off the tiny particles of matter that smog is composed of.
Inversion exacerbates air pollution in Delhi and in many other cities, from Los
Angeles to Tehran. A particularly intense example caused the Great Smog of
London in 1952, when four days of air pollution contributed to 12,000 deaths.
Dr Alamaro thinks a jet engine could punch
through the inversion layer to create a "virtual chimney" which would
carry the trapped pollution above it, so that it could be dispersed in the
wider atmosphere. He calculates that all the emissions from a gigawatt
coal-fired power plant could be lifted away using a single engine with a nozzle
speed of 460 metres a second.
However, he has not calculated whether a
jet engine could disrupt the inversion layer and allow the pollution to escape
the city-so he is now going to test that hypothesis. Within eight months, Dr
Alamaro plans to put one of his updrafters next to a coal-fired power plant and
monitor what happens using a fleet of drones. He is in discussions with Tata
Group, a conglomerate with an electricity-generating arm, to run it next to one
of the firm's power stations.
（1）The second paragraph serves as _______.
A . a hook to raise reader's interest in the topic
B . an introduction of the seriousness of pollution in India
C . an example of slow progress of smog control in India
D . a background to make the idea sound worthwhile
（2）The idea of applying retired jet engines is most probably inspired by the fact that ______.
A . New Delhi is suffering the most serious smog worldwide
B . a retired jet engine has a nozzle speed of 460 metres a second
C . the inversion layer prevent the pollutants from getting away
D . conventional ways to deal with air pollution are too slow
（3）Which might be the best title of the passage?
A . New Delhi, the capital of Smog
B . Air Pollution, a Global Challenge
C . Air Pollution in Delhi
D . Air Pollution: Blown Away
