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11．"How are you？"is a nice question．It's a friendly way that people in the United States greet each other．But"How are you？"is also a very unusual question．It's a question that often doesn't have an answer．The person who asks"How are you？"hopes to hear the answer"Fine．"，even if the person's friend isn't fine．The reason is that"How are you？"isn't really a question and"Fine．"isn't really an answer．They are simply other way of saying"Hello!"or"Hi!"．
Sometimes，people also don't say exactly what they mean．For example，when someone asks，"Do you agree？"，the other person might be thinking，"No，I disagree．I think you're wrong…"But it isn't very polite to disagree strongly，so the other person might say"I'm not sure…"．It's a nice way to say that you don't agree with someone．
People also don't say exactly what they are thinking when they finish talking with other people．For example，many talks over the phone finish when one person says"I've to go now．"Often，the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse，"Someone is at the door．""Something is burning on the stove．"The excuses might be real，or it might not．Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn't want to talk any more，but it isn't polite to say that．The excuse is more polite，and it doesn't hurt the other person．
When they are greeting each other，talking about an idea，or finishing a talk，people often don't say exactly what they are thinking．It's an important way that people try to be nice to each other，and it's also a part of the game of language．
58．When a person in the United States asks"How are you？"，he or she wants to hear"D"．
A．How are you？B．Hello!C．I don't know．D．Fine．
59．When a person wants to disagree with someone，it is polite to say"B"．
A．You're wrong．I disagree．B．I'm not sure．
C．I'm sure I disagree．D．No，I disagree．
60．When a person says"I've to go now．Someone is at the door．"，he or she may beA．
A．giving an excuseB．hurting someone's feeling
C．talking to a person at the doorD．going to another place
61．One of the rules of the game of language is probably"D"．
A．Always say what you mean．
B．Don't disagree with people．
C．Never say exactly what you're thinking．
D．Being polite is the best policy． 试题答案
分析 这篇短文主要介绍了 人们在说话时往往不直接表达自己的意思，有的时候还会找出各种借口来使谈话更有礼貌．所以作者总结说语言的规则就是要有礼貌．
解答 58-61 DBAD
58 D 细节理解题．根据第一段的"The person who asks‘How are you？'hopes to hear the answer‘Fine．'"可知当别人说How are you的时候，他想听到的答案是Fine，故D项符合题意．
59 B 细节理解题．根据短文第二段"so the other person might say"I'm not sure．"It's a nicer way to say that you don't agree with someone"可知说"I'm not sure．"是礼貌的方式，故选B
60 A 细节理解题．根据第三段"Often，the person who wants to hang up gives and excuse：‘Someone's at the door．'‘Something is burning on the stove．'"可知 当一个人说I've to go now．Someone is at the door．"，的时候，他或许是在找借口，故A项符合题意．
61 D 推理判断题．根据第四段"It's an important way that people try to be nice to each other，and it's part of the game of language"可知，语言游戏的一部分是设法对别人友好是重要的．故选D
点评 学生需要认真阅读原文，把握文章大意，对文章脉络有整体的了解，能仔细查找文中细节，并能根据文章内容进行合理的推测判断．
完形填空,阅读下面短文.从短文后各题所给的四个选项《A、B.C和D》中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项小涂黑。
Once a gentleman was traveling on a train. He felt ________ and got off at a station in search of water. When he reached the water tap (水龙头), the________started. He ran back but________it.
It was getting________and he decided to spend the night at the station. The next morning he asked the ticket office about the next train and was told it would be on the next________. So he decided to find a place for a day’s________. He went to the nearby hotel to ask for a room but found ________.
At last h________a small house. He asked the________ whether he could stay in his house for a day. The owner immediately________, then served him food and gave him a room to stay. ________ he did not ask anything in return.
At seven, the gentleman heard a ________at the door. The owner opened the door. The gentleman saw a man dressed in ________ clothes enter the house and________the owner to pay his debts (债务).
The gentleman came to know that the owner was in need of________. The next morning he left a pack in the drawer of the room and ________. When the owner found the pack, he saw that there was a ________written to him, which read: “You ________ me but did not expect anything from me. Yesterday evening I heard the________ between you and the stranger and________that you were in need of money. This is what you need.”
1.A．sleepy B．thirsty C. hungry D．tired
2.A．passenger B．officer C．tap D．train
3.A．caught B．lost C．missed D．passed
4.A．dark B．cold C．hot D．bright
5.A．we B．month C.hour D．day
6.A．work B．stay C．fun D．travel
7.A．one B．nobody C．none D．lots
8.A．built B．repaired C．enjoyed D．reached
9.A．owner B．manager C．driver D．guest
10.A．accepted B．changed C．agreed D．refused
11.A．So B．But C．Because D．Unless
12.A．knock B．sound C．noise D．call
13.A．cheap B．strange C．expensive D．dirty
14.A．invited B．hated C．asked D．promised
15.A．advice B．money C．time D．water
16.A．stayed up B．came up C．gave in D．went away
17.A．note B．story C．diary D．joke
18.A．cheated B．supported C．helped D．understood
19.A．quarrel B．conversation C．bargain D．discussion
20.A．planed B．explained C．hoped D．learned
